Development and material requirements of anisotropic spring
Release time：2017/2/27 Author：Xinyi spring
The special-shaped spring includes clip spring, tension spring, torsion spring, generalized special-shaped spring, snake spring, wave spring, rod spring and other complex shaped springs. The special-shaped spring is a basic part which is widely used in automobiles, motorcycles, electrical appliances and instruments. Its quality and service life directly affect the performance of main engine products. Modern automobile manufacturing industry has listed it as one of the key parts.
More than 90% of shaped springs at home and abroad are made of lead quenched and cold drawn carbon steel or cold work hardened austenitic stainless steel. It is characterized by no need of quenching and only needs low temperature tempering after winding. It not only eliminates the residual stress in the process of cold drawing, hardening and winding, but also simplifies the process, so it is widely used.
Carbon steel wire and stainless steel wire are mainly classified according to the tensile strength. The domestic brands of carbon steel wire are grade D and grade C, while the Japanese and Korean brands are swp-b and swp-a; The commonly used stainless steel grades in China are 1Cr18Ni9, SUS302 and SUS304 in Japan and Korea.
With the rapid development of automobile industry, the technical content of shaped spring is constantly improving. The entry of WTO makes the competition between foreign automobile industry and domestic industry more intense. Technical barriers are the current problems, and independent development of products is the development trend. Different from valve spring and precision spring, the technical emphasis of special-shaped spring is not under the condition of reciprocating dynamic load for a long time, but mainly to bear the static load in assembly, while the size and deformation are the key indicators of special-shaped spring, and the product design always gives priority to the size matching. So at present, the special-shaped spring is basically manufactured according to the customer's design graphics, but the joint design and development products with the main engine plant tend to increase.
The quality of raw materials is the key to the forming of shaped spring. The quality of raw materials affects the supply of springs. The gap between domestic and foreign raw materials is as follows, such as: large strength dispersion, obvious slub, surface folding, etc., which makes it difficult to control the size in the manufacturing process, and crack or fracture is easy to occur at the bending point, especially for stainless steel materials. Therefore, imported materials are generally used for processing.
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